1-148-872 - Ann Ronan Picture Library/Heritage-Images

Cupid shooting an arrow carrying a love letter, American Valentine card, 1908. He stands by a red heart inscribed with a message and surrounded by sweet violet (Viola odorata) which, in the language of flowers, represents modesty. In Roman mythology Cupid was the son of Venus, goddess of love (Eros and Aphrodite in the Greek Pantheon). The identity of St Valentine is uncertain, the most popular candidates are Valentine, bishop of Terni (3rd century) or a Roman Christian convert martyred c270). St Valentine's Day, celebrated on 14 February, probably replaces the Roman pagan festival of Lupercalia.