John Frederick Herschel (1792-1871), English astronomer and scientist, as a young man. Herschel discovered 525 nebulae and star clusters. Between 1834 and 1838, based at Feldhausen, near Cape Town, South Africa, he made the first detailed survey of the night skies of the Southern Hemisphere, cataloguing thousands of celestial objects. He pioneered celestial photography, discovering the cyanotype or blueprint process in 1842, and carried out research on photo-active chemicals and the wave theory of light.
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