Martian double 'canals' 'Phison' and 'Euphrates' as observed on 18 November 1894. The American astronomer Percival Lowell (1855-1916) theorised that a Martian civilization, faced with climate change, had built the canals to transport water from the planet's ice caps to irrigate crops. In fact the canals did not exist; they are now thought to have been optical illusions possibly caused by dust storms. From Mars by Percival Lowell. (London, 1896).
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