Austen Henry Layard, English archaeologist, politician and diplomat, c1880. Between 1845 and 1851 Layard (1817-1894) excavated the remains of the ancient Assyrian capitals of Nimrud and Nineveh and revealed the reliefs that decorated the royal palaces. These and other objects recovered from Mesopotamia astonished Europe and Layard's account of his discoveries became a best-seller. In 1851 he retired from excavation to take up a life in politics.
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