John Dalton, British chemist, 19th century. Dalton (1766-1844) was born near Cockermouth, Cumbria. In 1794 he described colour blindness (Daltonism) from which both he and his brother suffered. He also proposed an atomic theory and studied gases. As a Quaker Dalton was unable to attend an English university. He supported himself as a schoolmaster and tutor.
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