2-548-119 - © Fine Art Images/Heritage Images

Pyotr Lavrovich Lavrov, Russian philosopher, preparing the journal Vpered! (Forward!), c1873. Lavrov (1823-1900) (left) was a member of the Narodniks, a socially conscious movement that emerged in Russia's middle classes in the 1860s and 1870s after the emancipation of the serfs in 1861. In 1868 his radical views caused him to be exiled to the Urals, but he escaped and moved abroad to Paris, then Zurich. In 1872 he founded Vpered!, a socialist journal, in which he analysed Russian history and postulated that a socialist revolution in Russia would require the involvelent of the rural masses. From a private collection.