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Nikolay Ivanovich Turgenev, Russian economist and political theorist, c1860-c1864. A relative of the novelist Ivan Turgenev, Nikolay Turgenev (1789-1871) is best known for his Essay on the Theory of Taxation (1817) and Russia and the Russians (1847). He was involved in the foundation of several reformist societies, including the Northern Society of the Decembrists. He was abroad at the time of the unsuccessful Decembrist Revolt in 1825, after which he opted not to return to Russia, where he was tried in absentia and sentenced to life imprisonment in the Siberian katorga (labour camps). Found in the collection of the State Museum of History, Moscow.